ارزش غذایی سیلاژ علوفه تاج‌خروس (رقم Maria) در مقایسه با سیلاژ ذرت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

4 استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج

چکیده

گیاه تاج‌خروس رقم ماریا و ذرت علوفه‌ای هرکدام در 5 تکرار در ظرف‌های پلاستیکی برای 60 روز سیلو شدند. ترکیب شیمیایی، اسید اگزالیک، نیترات و ترکیبات فنولی نمونه‌ها تعیین شد. تخمیرپذیری برون‌تنی و انرژی قابل متابولیسم با روش آزمون گاز، و تجزیه‌‌پذیری با استفاده از کیسه‌های نایلونی در سه رأس قوچ فیستوله‌دار اندازه‌گیری شد. پروتئین خام در علوفه تازه ذرت و تاج‏خروس به‌ترتیب 80 و 199، و در سیلاژ آن‌ها به ترتیب 75 و180 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود، که نشان‌دهنده پروتئین خام بیشتر (05/0P<) در علوفه و سیلاژ تاج‏خروس نسبت به ذرت است. ذرت علوفه‌ای نسبت به تاج‌خروس مقادیر بیشتری ماده خشک، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب و NDFom داشت، در حالی که خاکستر خام در تاج‌خروس زیادتر بود (05/0P<). مقدار pH در سیلاژ ذرت و تاج‌خروس به ترتیب 8/3 و 1/4 بود (05/0P<). غلظت نیترات، اسید اگزالیک، مجموع ترکیبات فنلی و کل تانن در سیلاژ ذرت کمتر از سیلاژ تاج‏خروس بود (05/0P<). قابلیت هضم ماده آلی، انرژی قابل متابولیسم و تجزیه‌پذیری مؤثر در سیلاژ تاج‌خروس کم‌تر از سیلاژ ذرت بود (05/0P<)، اما تولید پروتئین میکروبی و پروتئین قابل متابولیسم در سیلاژ تاج‏خروس بیشتر (05/0P<) بود. به‌طور کلی، گیاه تاج‌خروس رقم ماریا از نظر ترکیب مواد مغذی و فراسنجه‌های تخمیرپذیری با ذرت علوفه‌ای قابل مقایسه بوده، و دارای پروتئین خام بیشتری است. تاج‌خروس می‌تواند سیلاژ مناسبی برای تغذیه دام در مناطق کم‌آب باشد.

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